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Social housing of non-human primates in a research facility: socialisation across macaque species and sexes
Contributor(s):: Rehrig, A., DiVincenti, L., Jr., Schery, L. A.
Refinement of social housing practices is paramount to improving animal welfare in laboratory environments, especially with regard to non-human primates. Even though social housing of the same species should be considered the optimal paradigm, cynomolgus ( Macaca fascicularis) and rhesus macaques...
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Abnormal behavior in caged birds kept as pets
Contributor(s):: Hoek, C. S. van, Cate, C. ten
There are a limited number of studies dealing with abnormal behavior in caged birds kept as pets. However, these studies demonstrate the presence of abnormal behavior in both songbirds and parrots. Ethological studies on these birds, as well as studies on domestic and zoo birds, indicate that...
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Behavioral abnormalities in captive nonhuman primates
Contributor(s):: Avanti, Mallapur, Choudhury, B. C.
In this study, we dealt with 11 species of non-human primates across 10 zoos in India. We recorded behaviour as instantaneous scans between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m. In the study, we segregated behaviours for analyses into abnormal, undesirable, active, and resting. The 4 types of abnormal behaviour...
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Combination therapy reduces self-injurious behavior in a chimpanzee ( Pan troglodytes troglodytes ): a case report
Contributor(s):: Bourgeois, S. R., Vazquez, M., Brasky, K.
Self-injurious behavior (SIB) remains a severe and intractable abnormal behavior for nonhuman primates in diverse settings and is a significant concern for veterinarians and behavioral scientists. To date, no single pharmacological, behavioral, social, or environmental intervention method has...
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Comparison of remote versus in-person behavioral consultation for treatment of canine separation anxiety
Contributor(s):: Cottam, N., Dodman, N. H., Moon-Fanelli, A. A., Patronek, G. J.
To investigate the validity of remote consultation for treatment of canine separation anxiety, this study compared the efficacy of 2 types of behavioral services offered by Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine (TCSVM): (a) "PetFax," a remote consultation service in which dog caregivers...
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Distressed animal behaviors and some recommendations for improvements at the Kuala Lumpur Zoo, Malaysia
Contributor(s):: Amber, Haque
The artificial living conditions of captive animals present numerous challenges for animal caretakers. In this study I explored abnormal behaviors in certain caged animals at the Kuala Lumpur Zoo. Findings obtained from observations of animals and interviews of the zoo staff are followed by...
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Frustrated appetitive foraging behavior, stereotypic pacing, and fecal glucocorticoid levels in snow leopards ( Uncia uncia ) in the Zurich Zoo
Contributor(s):: Burgener, N., Gusset, M., Schmid, H.
This study hypothesized that permanently frustrated, appetitive-foraging behavior caused the stereotypic pacing regularly observed in captive carnivores. Using 2 adult female snow leopards (U), solitarily housed in the Zurich Zoo, the study tested this hypothesis experimentally with a novel...
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Long-term outcome after treatment of feline inappropriate elimination
Contributor(s):: Marder, A. R., Engel, J. M.
Urination and defaecation outside the litter box is one of the most common behaviour problems reported by cat caretakers and the most common behavioural reason that results in the relinquishment of cats to shelters. A physical examination, laboratory tests, and a thorough behavioural history are...
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Pair housing for female longtailed and rhesus macaques in the laboratory: behavior in protected contact versus full contact
Contributor(s):: Baker, K. C., Crockett, C. M., Lee, G. H., Oettinger, B. C., Schoof, V., Thom, J. P.
Pair housing for caged macaques in the laboratory generally allows unrestricted tactile contact but, less commonly, may involve limited contact via grooming-contact bars or perforated panels. The purpose of using this protected contact housing, which prevents entry into pair-mates' cages,...
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Pet owners' views of pet behavior problems and willingness to consult experts for assistance
Contributor(s):: Shore, E. R., Burdsal, C., Douglas, D. K.
Prior research has found that dog obedience training and the receipt of advice regarding companion animal (pet) behavior reduce the risk of nonhuman animal relinquishment to an animal shelter and increase human-companion animal interactions, but research also finds that only a minority of pet...
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Positive reinforcement training moderates only high levels of abnormal behavior in singly housed rhesus macaques
Contributor(s):: Baker, K. C., Bloomsmith, M., Neu, K., Griffis, C., Maloney, M., Oettinger, B., Schoof, V. A. M., Martinez, M.
This study evaluated the application of positive reinforcement training (PRT) as an intervention for abnormal behaviors in singly housed laboratory rhesus macaques at 2 large primate facilities. Training involved basic control behaviors and body-part presentation. The study compared baseline...
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Self-biting in caged macaques: cause, effect, and treatment
Contributor(s):: Reinhardt, V., Rossell, M.
Injurious self-biting is one of the most serious problems in primate colonies (Niemeyer, Gray, & Stephen, 1996). "Approximately 10% of captive, individually-housed monkeys engage in the disturbing phenomenon of self-injurious behavior (SIB). To date, no adequate explanation or effective therapy...
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The effect of environmental manipulation on behavior, salivary cortisol, and growth of piglets weaned at 14 days of age
Contributor(s):: Rodarte, L. F., Ducoing, A., Galindo, F., Romano, M. C., Valdez, R. A.
Environmental enrichment can be a useful tool to reduce belly nosing behaviors in early weaned piglets. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of environmental enrichment on behavior, salivary cortisol, and productivity of piglets weaned at 14 days of age. The study assigned 112 piglets...
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Abnormal behaviour in captive sooty mangabeys
Contributor(s):: Crast, J., Bloomsmith, M. A., Perlman, J. E., Meeker, T. L., Remillard, C. M.
The influence of several factors on abnormal behaviour was investigated in 46 singly housed sooty mangabeys ( Cercocebus atys) (eight nursery-reared, 38 mother-reared), including self-injurious, self-directed, stereotypic locomotion, and faeces/urine-related behaviours (SIB, SDB, SL, FUR,...
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An evaluative review of theories: related to animal cruelty
Contributor(s):: Gullone, E.
The two dominant theories relating to animal cruelty are critically reviewed. These are the violence graduation hypothesis and the deviance generalization hypothesis. The outcomes indicate very high consistency with the broader antisocial behavior and aggression literature, which is large and...
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Equine assisted social work as a mean for authentic relations between clients and staff
| Contributor(s):: Catharina Carlsson, Daniel Nilsson Ranta, Bente Traeen
The purpose of this study was to explore, by qualitative methods, the meaning of equine-assisted social work (EASW) both to young women with self-harm problems and their staff in residential treatment. Data were collected by in-depth interviews with eight staff members and nine clients....
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Equine stereotypic behaviors: causation, occurrence, and prevention
| Contributor(s):: Sarrafchi, A., Blokhuis, H. J.
There are strong suggestions that equine stereotypies are connected to poor welfare and a suboptimal management and/or stabling environment. Different forms of equine stereotypic behaviors have been described. Crib biting, weaving, and box walking are considered the most prevalent. Several...
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Inside behavior: puppy socialization: more than just exposure
| Contributor(s):: Martin, D., Martin, K. M.
This article discusses the importance and benefits of socialization of puppies to prevent future behaviour problems and as additional income for veterinary hospitals that offer puppy socialization classes.
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Management, health, and abnormal behaviors of horses: a survey in small equestrian centers in Brazil
| Contributor(s):: Leme, D. P., Parsekian, A. B. H., Kanaan, V., Hotzel, M. J.
Care conditions of horses housed in small equestrian establishments and the occurrence of health and behavioral problems were assessed in 197 animals. Based on questionnaires and direct observations of the animals, it was noted that 8% of all animals were fed exclusively on pasture, whereas 92%...
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Puppy socialisation and the prevention of behavioural problems
Dog owners are increasingly aware of the importance of socialisation in ensuring a puppy is friendly and well-adjusted. Socialisation involves meeting and having pleasant experiences and encounters with as many adults, children and animals as possible. It is important to stare socialisation...
