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Description and evaluation of a canine volunteer blood donor program
Contributor(s):: DeLuca, L. A., Glass, S. G., Johnson, R. E., Burger, M.
Human volunteer blood donor programs are commonplace, but the concept of nonhuman animal blood banking is relatively new. Few studies exist regarding efficacy, donor screening, and safety for volunteer companion animals. This retrospective study evaluated a nonprofit, community-based canine...
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Hydration state of goats transported by road for 12 hours during the hot-dry conditions and the modulating role of ascorbic acid
Contributor(s):: Minka, S. N., Ayo, J. O.
This study investigated the effects of 12 hr of road transportation during the hot-dry conditions and the modulating role of ascorbic acid (AA) on the hydration state of goats. Twenty goats who served as treatment goats received oral administration of 100 mg/kg body weight of AA, whereas another...
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Emergency procedures in the field: a report of wound treatment and fast healing in the giant ditch frog (Leptodactylus fallax)
Contributor(s):: Rosa, G. M., Fernandez-Loras, A.
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The effect of investigator disturbance on egg laying, chick survival and fledging mass of short-tailed shearwaters (Puffinus tenuirostris) and little penguins (Eudyptula minor)
Contributor(s):: Vertigan, C., McMahon, C. R., Andrews-Goff, V., Hindell, M. A.
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ANXITANE® tablets reduce fear of human beings in a laboratory model of anxiety-related behavior
| Contributor(s):: Araujo, J. A., Rivera, C. de, Ethier, J. L., Landsberg, G. M., Denenberg, S., Arnold, S., Milgram, N. W.
Anxiety and fear are common underlying factors in many canine behavior problems that impair the human–pet bond and often result in abandonment, relinquishment, or euthanasia. A combination of behavioral and pharmacological interventions is used to ameliorate the behavioral signs...
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Space allowances for confined livestock and their determination from allometric principles
| Contributor(s):: Petherick, J. C., Phillips, C. J. C.
The amount of space provided to animals governs important elements of their behaviour and, hence, is critical for their health and welfare. We review the use of allometric principles and equations to estimate the static space requirements of animals when standing and lying, and the space required...
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Treatment of separation anxiety in dogs with clomipramine: results from a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter clinical trial
| Contributor(s):: King, J. N., Simpson, B. S., Overall, K. L., Appleby, D., Pageat, P., Ross, C., Chaurand, J. P., Heath, S., Beata, C., Weiss, A. B., Muller, G., Paris, T., Bataille, B. G., Parker, J., Petit, S., Wren, J.
The efficacy and tolerability of clomipramine in the treatment of separation anxiety in dogs was tested in a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, international multicentre clinical trial. For a diagnosis of separation anxiety, dogs had to exhibit at least one...
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Effects of mulesing and alternative procedures to mulesing on the behaviour and physiology of lambs
| Contributor(s):: Hemsworth, P. H., Barnett, J. L., Karlen, G. M., Fisher, A. D., Butler, K. L., Arnold, N. A.
Mulesing involves the surgical removal of skin adjacent to the perineum and tail without anaesthesia or analgesia in lambs. This procedure was developed to reduce the risk of flystrike (cutaneous myiasis) around the perineum. Alternative interventions to mulesing have historically been...
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Genetics and genomics of animal behaviour and welfare - challenges and possibilities. (Special Issue: Farm animal welfare since the Brambell report.)
| Contributor(s):: Jensen, P., Buitenhuis, B., Kjaer, J., Zanella, A., Mormede, P., Pizzari, T.
Traditionally, the contribution of applied ethology to animal welfare science has concentrated on understanding the reactions of animals to their housing conditions. Domestication has had small effects on fundamental aspects of animal behaviour, and therefore, the needs of present day...
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Biological effects of blood loss: implications for sampling volumes and techniques
| Contributor(s):: McGuill, M. W., Rowan, A. N.
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An investigation into the effect of floor colour on the behaviour of the horse
| Contributor(s):: Hall, C. A., Cassaday, H. J.
Adverse reactions of the domestic horse to environmental stimuli can be problematic in training and management. Hesitation and alarm reactions to visual features of the ground can occur in both ridden work and when handling horses. To assess the effect of one visual feature (colour) on the...
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A note on behavioural responses of farm animals to ultrasound
| Contributor(s):: Algers, B.
Horses, cattle, swine, sheep and poultry all reacted to ultrasound from a device used to clear rats from buildings. Most animals were drawn towards the sound at first and then turned away and kept their ears pointing away from the sound. Poultry showed the least reaction. The device is considered...
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Separating the noise from the noise: a finding in support of the "Niche Hypothesis," that birds are influenced by human-induced noise in natural habitats
| Contributor(s):: Stone, E.
Controlling for the confounding influence of physical disturbance, it was possible to test the hypothesis that ambient noise alone would play a role in structuring bird communities in riparian habitats in Boulder, Colorado, USA. Point counts of birds were conducted in open space/minimally...
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An evaluation of the suitability of contraceptive methods in golden-headed lion tamarins ( Leontopithecus chrysomelas ), with emphasis on Melengestrol acetate (MGA) implants: (I) effectiveness, reversibility and medical side-effects
| Contributor(s):: Vleeschouwer, K. de, Leus, K., Elsacker, L. van
Finding a responsible method of population control that does not compromise animal welfare is a pressing problem for zoological institutions and conservation breeding programmes. This is exemplified by the conservation breeding programme of the golden-headed lion tamarin. The number of...
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Classifying the severity of scientific animal use: a review of international systems
| Contributor(s):: Fenwick, N., Ormandy, E., Gauthier, C., Griffin, G.
Severity classification systems (ie pain scales, categories of invasiveness, degrees of severity etc) are used to classify the adverse effects experienced by animals used for scientific purposes. Currently, eleven countries use severity classification systems. These systems have developed in...
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Domestication, selection, behaviour and welfare of animals - genetic mechanisms for rapid responses
| Contributor(s):: Jensen, P.
Increased production has been the major goal of animal breeding for many decades, and the correlated side-effects have grown to become a major issue in animal welfare. In this paper, the main genetic mechanisms in which such side-effects may occur are reviewed with examples from our own research...
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Effect of beak length on feed intake in pigeons ( Columba livia f. domestica )
| Contributor(s):: Savas, T., Konyali, C., Das, G., Yurtman, I. Y.
This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of beak length on feed intake with regard to animal welfare. The study involved two treatments groups; short beak pigeons (G-SB; n=7) and normal beak pigeons (G-NB; n=7) and was carried out in two consecutive trials. Daily feed consumption, meal...
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Effect of positive reinforcement training on physiological and behavioural stress responses in the hamadryas baboon ( Papio hamadryas )
| Contributor(s):: O'Brien, J. K., Heffernan, S., Thomson, P. C., McGreevy, P. D.
Behavioural and salivary cortisol responses were measured in hamadryas baboons (Papio hamadryas) (n=5) undergoing positive reinforcement training (PRT). Compliance was assessed by collecting behavioural data on desirable and undesirable responses during each training session (33-46 training...
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Genomic dairy cattle breeding: risks and opportunities for cow welfare
| Contributor(s):: Mark, T., Sandoe, P.
The aim of this paper is to discuss the potential consequences of modern dairy cattle breeding for the welfare of dairy cows. The paper focuses on so-called genomic selection, which deploys thousands of genetic markers to estimate breeding values. The discussion should help to structure the...
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Is sodium fluoroacetate (1080) a humane poison? The influence of mode of action, physiological effects, and target specificity
| Contributor(s):: Twigg, L. E., Parker, R. W.
1080 (sodium fluoroacetate)-baiting programmes are an important and often the only option for reducing the impact of invasive vertebrate pests on biodiversity and agricultural production in Australia and New Zealand. These programmes are generally recognised as being target specific, and...
