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A comparison of food selection and foraging behavior in juvenile and adult goats
Contributor(s):: Provenza, F. D., Malechek, J. C.
Young animals on rangelands are at an inherent disadvantage to older animals because they have higher nutritional requirements and they lack foraging experience. Comparisons were made in diet selection, foraging time and weight changes for adult (does) and juvenile (kids) goats foraging at two...
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A comparison of operant responding by farrowing sows for food and nest-building materials
Contributor(s):: Hutson, G. D.
In experiments on 4 days immediately before and after parturition with 16 sows trained to lift a lever to gain access to either a box containing straw, a box containing sticks, an empty box, or a food drop, sows lifted more for food than for the empty box or nest-building materials. On any day...
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A comparison of pet and purpose-bred research dog (Canis familiaris) performance on human-guided object-choice tasks
| Contributor(s):: Lazarowski, L., Dorman, D. C.
Several studies have shown that domestic dogs respond to human social cues such as pointing. Some experiments have shown that pet dogs outperformed wolves in following a momentary distal point. These findings have lent support to the hypothesis that domestication is responsible for domestic...
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A comparison of social and environmental enrichment methods for laboratory housed dogs
| Contributor(s):: Hubrecht, R. C.
48 Beagles in 4 equal groups: (controls; opportunities for social contacts with conspecifics; given 30 s/day of intensive handling; and provided with 3 different toys/chews permanently suspended in the pen (Rawhide, Gumabone chew and a piece of plastic tubing)) were observed for a total of 432 h....
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A comparison of space requirements of horned and hornless goats at the feed barrier and in the lying area
| Contributor(s):: Loretz, C., Wechsler, B., Hauser, R., Rusch, P.
Loose housing of horned goats is more common than loose housing of horned cattle, and recommendations concerning the design of housing systems for horned goats are needed. In this study, we compared the behaviour of horned and hornless goats kept in deep litter pens to investigate their space...
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A comparison of tethering and pen confinement of dogs
| Contributor(s):: Yeon, S. C., Golden, G., Sung, W., Erb, H. N., Reynolds, A. J., Houpt, K. A.
This study compared the general activity and specific behaviours of 30 adult Alaskan sled dogs (19 males and 11 females) on 3.5-m tethers and in 5.9-m2 pens. The investigators used activity level and stereotypical behaviour as indicators of welfare. The dogs spent most of their time inactive,...
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A comparison of the activity budgets of wild and captive Sulawesi crested black macaques ( Macaca nigra )
| Contributor(s):: Melfi, V. A., Feistner, A. T. C.
One aim of environmental enrichment techniques is to replicate 'wild-like' behaviour in captivity. In this study, three captive troops of Sulawesi crested black macaques (M. nigra) in Chester, Jersey and Marwell Zoos, UK were each observed for 100 h in large naturalistic enclosures In May and...
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A comparison of the behaviour of domestic chicks reared with or without a hen in enriched pens
| Contributor(s):: Roden, C., Wechsler, B.
The presence of a hen and the incidence of feather pecking in laying hen chicks (white 'Lohman Selected Leghorn' hybrids) was investigated. Groups of 8 chicks were reared with a hen (5 groups) or without a hen (7 groups) in enriched pens over the first 8 weeks after hatching. There was a...
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A comparison of the behaviour of solitary and group-housed budgerigars
| Contributor(s):: Nicol, C. J., Pope, S. J.
The behaviour of budgerigars housed in aviaries in a group of 6, or caged individually was studied over 2 months. Budgerigars in the aviary consumed more food and were more active, performing more wing stretching and flying. Caged birds vocalized more. When tested individually, the aviary birds...
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A comparison of the calving behaviour of farmed adult and yearling red deer (Cervus elaphus) hinds
| Contributor(s):: Wass, J. A., Pollard, J. C., Littlejohn, R. P.
Mortality of newborn red deer (Cervus elaphus) calves is a major concern on New Zealand farms, as perinatal losses average approximately 10% of calves born. Primiparous red deer (calving as yearlings) lose more calves than multiparous hinds (adults). We performed a study on yearling and adult red...
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A comparison of the effects of simple versus complex environmental enrichment on the behaviour of group-housed, subadult rhesus macaques
| Contributor(s):: Schapiro, S. J., Bloomsmith, M. A., Suarez, S. A., Porter, L. M.
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A comparison of the role of vision and hearing in ewes finding their own lambs
| Contributor(s):: Walser, E. E. S.
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A comparison of the role of vision and hearing in lambs finding their own dams
| Contributor(s):: Shillito, E. E.
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A comparison of the use of resting platforms and nest boxes in growing farmed silver foxes ( Vulpes vulpes )
| Contributor(s):: Mononen, J., Korhonen, H., Harri, M., Kasanen, S.
The use of the interior and roof of a nest box and the use of various types of resting platform were studied in 50 juvenile silver foxes of both sexes housed singly in traditional fox cages (length, 115 cm; width, 105 cm; height, 70 cm). The experiment was carried out from early July to the end...
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A comparison of uniaxial and triaxial accelerometers for the assessment of physical activity in dogs
| Contributor(s):: Cheung, K. W., Starling, M. J., McGreevy, P. D.
The present study compares the outputs of uniaxial accelerometer (UA) and triaxial accelerometer (TA) to determine whether UAs can be used instead of TAs in estimating physical activity (PA) in domestic dogs (N=79). The PA of the dogs was measured simultaneously by a UA and a TA attached to...
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A comparison of weaning techniques in farmed wapiti ( Cervus elaphus )
| Contributor(s):: Haigh, J. C., Stookey, J. M., Bowman, P., Waltz, C.
A total of 21 wapiti calves, born between 24 May and 4 July were kept with their dams in a 5-ha paddock from 28 July to 28 August, after which they were moved to another field. On 5 September, they were weighed, divided into 2 groups (10 and 11 calves) and moved to a familiar paddock, adjacent to...
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A comparison of wooden slats and straw bedding on the behaviour of sheep
| Contributor(s):: Gordon, G. D. H., Cockram, M. S.
The behaviour of 2 groups of sheep was observed when they were placed in a pen on wooden slats and/or straw bedding for 48 h. When sheep were placed in the pen and not given a choice of slats and straw, the proportion of scans spent standing and lying by one group of sheep were not affected by...
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A complex automatic feeding system for pigs aimed to induce successful behavioural coping by cognitive adaptation
| Contributor(s):: Ernst, K., Puppe, B., Schon, P. C., Manteuffel, G.
In modern intensive husbandry systems there is an increasing tendency for animals to interact with technical equipment. If the animal-technology interface is well-designed this may improve animal welfare by offering challenges for cognitive adaptation. Here a system and its application is...
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A concept of welfare based on reward evaluating mechanisms in the brain: anticipatory behaviour as an indicator for the state of reward systems
| Contributor(s):: Spruijt, B. M., Bos, R. van den, Pijlman, F. T. A.
In this review we attempt to link the efficiency by which animals behave (economy of animal behaviour) to a neuronal substrate and subjective states to arrive at a definition of animal welfare which broadens the scope of its study. Welfare is defined as the balance between positive (reward,...
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A conceptual model of the human-animal relationships dynamics during newborn handling on cow-calf operation farms
| Contributor(s):: Costa, F. de O., Valente, T. S., Toledo, L. M. de, Ambrosio, L. A., Campo, M. del, Costa, M. J. R. P. da
