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CRISPR/Cas9 Technology in Translational Biomedicine
Contributor(s):: Leonova, E. I., Gainetdinov, R. R.
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The presence of Icelandic leadersheep affects flock behaviour when exposed to a predator test
Contributor(s):: Brunberg, Emma, Eythórsdóttir, Emma, Dýrmundsson, Ólafur R., Grøva, Lise
Genetic selection in commercial sheep production has mainly focussed on production traits and to a large extent ignoring behavioural traits, such as response towards predators. The Icelandic leadersheep is a sheep breed selected and known for its special behavioural traits, such as leading the...
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Pharmacological inhibition of histone deacetylase reduces NADPH oxidase expression, oxidative stress and the progression of atherosclerotic lesions in hypercholesterolemic apolipoprotein E-deficient mice; potential implications for human atherosclero
Contributor(s):: Manea, S. A., Vlad, M. L., Fenyo, I. M., Lazar, A. G., Raicu, M., Muresian, H., Simionescu, M., Manea, A.
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Antiphospholipid syndrome: complement activation, complement gene mutations and therapeutic implications
Contributor(s):: Chaturvedi, S., Braunstein, E. M., Brodsky, R. A.
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Brown and white egg-layer strain differences in fearfulness and stress measures
Contributor(s):: Nelson, Jill R., Settar, Petek, Berger, Emily, Wolc, Anna, O’Sullivan, Neil, Archer, Gregory S.
Different genetic lines of laying hens may show varying levels of fearfulness in response to stressful events or situations. It is important to select appropriate genetic strains when keeping hens in alternative housing systems to minimize health and production issues caused by fear and stress....
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"We Always Hurt the Things We Love"—Unnoticed Abuse of Companion Animals
| Contributor(s):: Bernard E. Rollin
Despite the fact that companion animals enjoy the status of “members of the family” in contemporary society, there are numerous diseases affecting the longevity of these animals and their quality of life. Some of the most pervasive and damaging problems accrue to pedigreed animals...
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The role of genes, epigenetics and ontogeny in behavioural development
| Contributor(s):: Rodenburg, T. Bas
This review focuses on the role of genes, epigenetics and ontogeny in behavioural development of animals. The behavioural characteristics of an individual are determined by its genes and by its physical and social environment. Not only the individual's early life and current environment are of...
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Icelandic horses with the Silver coat colour show altered behaviour in a fear reaction test
| Contributor(s):: Brunberg, Emma, Gille, Sanna, Mikko, Sofia, Lindgren, Gabriella, Keeling, Linda J.
The colour of a horse's coat has long been discussed to reflect its temperament. One opinion is that Silver coloured horses are nervous, difficult to handle and react more strongly to different fear stimuli. The objective with the present study was to investigate if mutations associated with the...
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Behaviour epigenetics – The connection between environment, stress and welfare
| Contributor(s):: Jensen, Per
Epigenetics refers to chemical modifications of DNA, which do not change the base-pair sequence. This involves, for example, methylation of cytosine and different alterations in histone chemistry. Such modifications affect how genes are expressed and can occur as a response to stress, mediated by...
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Trainability and boldness traits differ between dog breed clusters based on conventional breed categories and genetic relatedness
| Contributor(s):: Turcsán, Borbála, Kubinyi, Enikő, Miklósi, Ádám
Modern dog breeding has given rise to more than 400 breeds differing both in morphology and behaviour. Traditionally, kennel clubs have utilized an artificial category system based on the morphological similarity and historical function of each dog breed. Behavioural comparisons at the...
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Relationship between growth rate and oral manipulation, social nosing, and aggression in finishing pigs
| Contributor(s):: Camerlink, Irene, Bijma, Piter, Kemp, Bas, Bolhuis, J. Elizabeth
Pigs may affect each other's health, welfare and productivity through their behaviour. The effect of a pig on the growth rate of its pen mates is partly heritable and is referred to as its social genetic effect. Social genetic effects, also known as indirect genetic effects, have been found in a...
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Genetic and non-genetic factors associated with milking order in lactating dairy cows
| Contributor(s):: Berry, Donagh P., McCarthy, John
The ability to rapidly identify temporal deviations of an animal from its norm will be important in the management of individual cows in large herds. Furthermore, predictors of genetic merit for especially health traits are useful to augment the accuracy of selection, and thus genetic gain, in...
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Estimation of genetic parameters for behavior based on results of German Shepherd Dogs in Switzerland
| Contributor(s):: Meyer, Franziska, Schawalder, Peter, Gaillard, Claude, Dolf, Gaudenz
The objective of this study was to estimate heritabilities and correlations of seven behavioral traits in German Shepherd Dogs in Switzerland as well as breeding values for this population. Data from 4855 animals having taken the standardized behavior test of the German Shepherd Dog Club of...
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Effect of short road journeys on behaviour and some blood variables related to welfare in young bulls
| Contributor(s):: Cafazzo, Simona, Magnani, Diego, Calà, Pietro, Razzuoli, Elisabetta, Gerardi, Gabriele, Bernardini, Daniele, Amadori, Massimo, Costa, Leonardo Nanni
Many studies have focused on the transport of cattle to fattening farms or to slaughterhouses but there is little information concerning the transport of young bulls delivered to the genetic test stations for selection. Due to the high expected value of young AI candidate bulls, their transport...
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Evolution of facial muscle anatomy in dogs
| Contributor(s):: Kaminski, J., Waller, B. M., Diogo, R., Hartstone-Rose, A., Burrows, A. M.
Domestication shaped wolves into dogs and transformed both their behavior and their anatomy. Here we show that, in only 33,000 y, domestication transformed the facial muscle anatomy of dogs specifically for facial communication with humans. Based on dissections of dog and wolf heads, we show...
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Behavior and personality analysis in cloned working dog candidates 복제 기능견 후보의 행동과 성격 분석
| Contributor(s):: Jin Choi
Cloning specific individuals is the way to produce targeted animals. This makes newborns without surplus animals which should be adapted to new families afterwards or supported by institutions for whole life. Cloning excellent dogs had been started from this point. Many cloned dogs have been...
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Is evolution of domestication driven by tameness? A selective review with focus on chickens
| Contributor(s):: Agnvall, Beatrix, Bélteky, Johan, Katajamaa, Rebecca, Jensen, Per
Domestication of animals offers unique possibilities to study evolutionary changes caused by similar selection pressures across a range of species. Animals from separate genera tend to develop a suite of phenotypic alterations referred to as “the domesticated phenotype”. This...
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Homozygosity for Mobile Element Insertions Associated with WBSCR17 Could Predict Success in Assistance Dog Training Programs
| Contributor(s):: Tandon, D., Ressler, K., Petticord, D., Papa, A., Jiranek, J., Wilkinson, R., Kartzinel, R. Y., Ostrander, E. A., Burney, N., Borden, C., Udell, M. A. R., VonHoldt, B. M.
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To save the bees or not to save the bees: honey bee health in the Anthropocene
| Contributor(s):: Andrews, Eleanor
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Preventing skeletal and neurological problems in guide dogs for the blind and other working dogs
| Contributor(s):: Evans, K. M., Lewis, T. W.
