-
A comparison of cell-mediated immune responses in rhesus macaques housed singly, in pairs, or in groups
| Contributor(s):: Schapiro, S. J., Nehete, P. N., Perlman, J. E., Sastry, K. J.
A variety of psychosocial factors have been shown to influence immunological responses in laboratory primates. The present investigation examined the effects of social housing condition on cell-mediated immune responses, comparing rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) in three housing conditions...
-
An examination of behavioral, immunological and productive traits in four management systems for sows and piglets
| Contributor(s):: McGlone, J. J., Blecha, F.
Forty-one sows and litters were utilized in a multi-disciplinary evaluation of four common commercial housing systems for sows and piglets: (1) a standard crate (SC); (2) a modified or turnaround crate (TC); (3) a pen with an indoor and outdoor area (OP); (4) a straw-bedded hut on a lot (HL). HL...
-
An investigation of the relationship between adrenal activity, social rank and immunocompetence in pregnant sows kept in different housing conditions
| Contributor(s):: Zanella, A. J., Mendl, M. T., Broom, D. M.
-
Assessment of welfare from physiological and behavioural responses of New Zealand dairy cows exposed to cold and wet conditions
| Contributor(s):: Webster, J. R., Stewart, M., Rogers, A. R., Verkerk, G. A.
There is a need to assess the welfare of dairy cows that live outdoors under cold and wet conditions. This study combined a number of techniques to measure stress and make an assessment of welfare in this situation. Two groups often non-pregnant, non-lactating Holstein Friesian cows were exposed...
-
Behaviour, stress and health: where do we stand?
| Contributor(s):: Dantzer, R.
-
Behavioural fever, fish welfare and what farmers and fishers know
| Contributor(s):: Huntingford, Felicity, Rey, Sonia, Quaggiotto, Maria-Martina
In this article we first describe briefly how, like other ectotherms, wild fish promote effective functioning (for example, digestion and reproductive maturation) by moving through the temperature gradients that they experience in their natural habitats (showing behavioural thermoregulation). We...
-
Behavioural, endocrine and immune consequences of mixing in weaned piglets
| Contributor(s):: Merlot, E., Meunier-Salaun, M. C., Prunier, A.
Mixing piglets at weaning increases plasma cortisol concentrations and agonistic behaviour. In contrast to what is observed in older pigs, studies failed to show any effect of social environment on other behavioural variables or on immune function. The lack of effect of mixing may not reflect an...
-
Cat scratch disease at the human-animal interface. Case report in the City of San Luis, ArgentinaEnfermedad por aranazo de gato en la interfaz humano-animal. Reporte de caso en la Ciudad de San Luis, Argentina
| Contributor(s):: Santiago Lorenzatti, J., Nazarena de Salvo, M., Diaz Perez, P., Cicuttin, G. L., Samartino, L. E.
-
Effect of gradual transition from maternal to reconstituted milk on behavioural, endocrine and immune responses of lambs
| Contributor(s):: Sevi, A., Napolitano, F., Casamassima, D., Annicchiarico, G., Quarantelli, T., Paola, R. de
18-24 h after parturition, 20 Comisana lambs were separated from their dams and were subsequently offered a commercial milk substitute (Sub) or were subjected to a gradual transition from maternal to reconstituted milk over 10 days (Mix). Lambs had free access to milk for 3 h a day. A further 10...
-
Effect of group composition and pen size on behaviour, productivity and immune response of growing pigs
| Contributor(s):: Moore, A. S., Gonyou, H. W., Stookey, J. M., McLaren, D. G.
Levels of aggression, injuries, activity, performance and immune response were determined in 288 growing pigs in a 2 x 2 factorial experiment; the factors being group composition and pen size. Pigs were classified as small (SM) when allotted and then reclassified as medium (MED), large (LG) and...
-
Effect of household pet ownership on infant immune response and subsequent sensitization
| Contributor(s):: Simpson, A.
-
Effect of milk source on welfare and weight gain of lambs
| Contributor(s):: Sevi, A., Napolitano, F., Casamassima, D., Dell'Aquila, S.
The possibility of lessening the adverse welfare impact of artificial rearing was assessed in thirty Comisana lambs under conditions of ad libitum feeding. The lambs were assigned to a control dam-suckled group (DS) or to one of two test groups, each consisting of 10 animals. 18-24h after...
-
Effects of a Form of Equine-Facilitated Learning on Heart Rate Variability, Immune Function, and Self-Esteem in Older Adults
| Contributor(s):: Ann L. Baldwin, Barbara K. Rector, Ann C. Alden
Equine-facilitated learning (EFL) helps people access their immediate sensations and feelings because horses, as prey animals, are continually aware of their environment and provide instant feedback to human behaviors and emotions. We hypothesize that during EFL, older people become more aware...
-
Effects of repeated changes in group composition on immune response, behaviour, adrenal activity and liveweight gain in farmed red deer yearlings
| Contributor(s):: Hanlon, A. J., Rhind, S. M., Reid, H. W., Burrells, C., Lawrence, A. B.
The validity of antibody and lymphocyte response as measures of social stress in farmed red deer hinds was assessed by comparison with other indices of stress (behaviour, adrenal capacity and liveweight gain). 10 "wild" red deer (mixed, M), born to wild hinds after capture, were each housed in 10...
-
Emerging and re-emerging zoonoses of dogs and cats
| Contributor(s):: Chomel, B. B.
Since the middle of the 20th century, pets are more frequently considered as "family members" within households. However, cats and dogs still can be a source of human infection by various zoonotic pathogens. Among emerging or re-emerging zoonoses, viral diseases, such as rabies (mainly...
-
Evaluation of crates and girth tethers for sows: reproductive performance, immunity, behavior and ergonomic measures
| Contributor(s):: McGlone, J. J., Salak-Johnson, J. L., Nicolson, R. I., Hicks, T.
An evaluation was made for two common sow housing systems: the girth tether and crate. Littermate Yorkshire X Landrace gilts were randomly assigned to either the crate or girth tether system and they remained in that treatment for 2 consecutive pregnancies and lactations. A total of 171 matings...
-
Housing environment alters delayed-type hypersensitivity and corticosterone concentrations of individually housed male C57BL/6 mice
| Contributor(s):: Neigh, G. N., Bowers, S. L., Korman, B., Nelson, R. J.
Housing conditions can alter both the physiology and behaviour of laboratory animals. Forced-air-ventilated micro-isolation systems increase the efficient use of space, decrease the incidence of disease among laboratory rodents, and provide better working conditions for animal care staff;...
-
Impact of trapping and handling on Leukocyte Coping Capacity in bank voles ( Clethrionomys glareolus ) and wood mice ( Apodemus sylvaticus )
| Contributor(s):: Gelling, M., McLaren, G. W., Mathews, F., Mian, R., Macdonald, D. W.
Small mammals are routinely live-trapped and subsequently handled for a range of ecological and behavioural studies. Despite the techniques commonly employed being potentially stressful for the individual animals involved, it has hitherto been difficult to quantify the physiological impact. Here,...
-
Influence of artificial rearing on behavioral and immune response of lambs
| Contributor(s):: Napolitano, F., Marino, V., Rosa, G. de, Capparelli, R., Bordi, A.
Comisana lambs were separated from their mothers at 2, 15 or 28 days of age and reared artificially. On the day of separation, lambs were given an i.m. injection of keyhole limpet haemocyanin in complete Freunds' adjuvant (250 micro g). Antibody titres and surface leukocyte antigens were...
-
Influence of gentling on lamb immune response and human-lamb interactions
| Contributor(s):: Caroprese, M., Napolitano, F., Albenzio, M., Annicchiarico, G., Musto, M., Sevi, A.
A 7-week trial was performed to assess the effects of gently handling newborn lambs on their behavioural, immune and endocrine responses, and on their growth rate when mothered or artificially reared. Sixty-four lambs were involved in the study, which were divided in four groups of 16. The...
