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The influence of rearing on personality ratings of captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes).
| Contributor(s):: Martin, J. E.
Personality traits of 43 captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) at five zoos in the United Kingdom were assessed. Chimpanzees were categorized into one of three rearing conditions: mother-group-reared (MGR), reared with others but separated from mother (RO), and reared alone for a period of time...
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A note on genetic parameters of gilt responses to humans
| Contributor(s):: Hellbrugge, B., Tolle, K. H., Presuhn, U., Krieter, J.
In this study, a response test towards a stockperson was evaluated for improved maternal behaviour and increased piglet survival. Records were available from 638 German Landrace gilts with 860 observations tested for the response to an observer in the familiar environment of the mating centre....
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A review of the behavioural and physiological adaptations of hill and lowland breeds of sheep that favour lamb survival
| Contributor(s):: Dwyer, C. M., Lawrence, A. B.
Extensively managed animals, often living in harsh and unfavourable environments, need specific adaptations that promote survivability. This is particularly important at parturition and during the neonatal period, when ewe and lamb mortality is highest. To understand the survival adaptations of...
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Behaviour of Zebu and crossbred cows in restricted suckling groups.
| Contributor(s):: Das, S. M., Redbo, I., Wiktorsson, H.
The aim of this study was to investigate whether Zebu (Bos indicus) and crossbred (Bos indicus x Bos taurus) cows differ in maternal related behaviour during restricted group suckling. The behaviours of 20 Zebu and 16 crossbred cows were recorded during two 30-min sessions each day after milking...
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Behavioural interactions between West African dwarf nanny goats and their twin-born kids during the first 48 h post-partum
| Contributor(s):: Awotwi, E. K., Oppong-Anane, K., Addae, P. C., Oddoye, E. O. K.
West African dwarf nanny goats and their twin-born kids were tested to determine their behavioural response to separation and their mutual recognition during the first 48 h post-partum. Does and their kids were given scores ranging from 1 to 5, depending on how they performed in the tests....
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Behavioural relationships between Djallonke and Sahellian ewes and their lambs during the first 24 h post-partum
| Contributor(s):: Asante, Y. A., Oppong-Anane, K., Awotwi, E. K.
Djallonke, Sahellian crossbred ewes and their lambs were tested to find out their behavioural response to separation and their mutual recognition within the first 24 h post-partum. To determine whether age, sex, birth weight of lambs and parity of dams had an effect on these post-partum...
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Maternal behavior in mice selected for large litter size
| Contributor(s):: Chiang, C. F., Johnson, R. K., Nielsen, M. K.
A total of 96 lactating mice and their pups from each of three replications of lines selected 21 generations for increased litter size (LS) followed by 23–25 generations of random selection and contemporary unselected control lines (LC) were characterized for maternal behavior. Sixteen dams...
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Maternal behaviour of domestic sows and crosses between domestic sows and wild boar
| Contributor(s):: Gustafsson, M., Jensen, P., Jonge, F. H. de, Illmann, G., Spinka, M.
Maternal behaviour was compared in 7 (Yorkshire x Dutch Landrace) x Yorkshire sows (domestic) and 7 (Yorkshire x Dutch Landrace) x wild boar sows (wild-type) before and up to 3 weeks after farrowing. All sows were primiparous and were maintained in an outdoor system with farrowing huts containing...
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Parturient behaviour and offspring-directed aggression in farmed wild boar of three genetic lines
| Contributor(s):: Harris, M. J., Bergeron, R., Gonyou, H. W.
Twenty-four primiparous farmed wild boar females of three genetic lines (SD, San Diego; PK, Peter Kalden; S, Scandinavian) were videotaped before and during parturition; production data were also recorded. Sows were housed in individual, well-strawed pens measuring 3.05 m x 1.52 m. The duration...
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Piglet- and stockperson-directed sow aggression after farrowing and the relationship with a pre-farrowing, human approach test
| Contributor(s):: Forde, J. N. M.
The aims of this experiment were to determine the incidence and severity of piglet- and stockperson-directed aggression in two different farrowing systems and to determine whether either could be predicted using behavioural and physiological measures recorded previously during a standard human...
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Predictability of nursings without milk ejection in domestic pigs
| Contributor(s):: Illmann, G., Spinka, M., Stetkova, Z.
Seven to 8 days after farrowing the suckling behaviour of 7 sows and their piglets (n = 8-10 per sow) was recorded for 24 h. Piglets were separated from the sows and were released into the sow's pen every 35 min to allow them to suckle. Teat massaging movements and sows' grunts were...
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Primiparous chimpanzee mothers: behavior and success in a short-term assessment of infant rearing
| Contributor(s):: Bloomsmith, M. A., Kuhar, C., Baker, K., Lambeth, S., Brent, L., Ross, S. R., Fritz, J.
Assessing the maternal competence of a first time chimpanzee mother can be difficult. Managers will often attempt to leave infants with their mothers as long as possible in an effort to provide the infant with natural maternal care, as well as give the mother some maternal experience. However if...
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Relation between early fear- and anxiety-related behaviour and maternal ability in sows
| Contributor(s):: Janczak, A. M., Pedersen, L. J., Rydhmer, L., Bakken, M.
Fear induced by exposure to humans, and anxiety induced by novel environmental changes may both function as stressors and have negative effects on reproduction in pigs. An earlier experiment indicated that reactions to humans and novelty had some repeatability between the ages of 8 and 24 weeks,...
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Savaging gilts are more restless and more responsive to piglets during the expulsive phase of parturition
| Contributor(s):: Ahlstrom, S., Jarvis, S., Lawrence, A. B.
Piglet-directed aggression by farrowing pigs seriously threatens the welfare of the piglets and also results in economic waste within the pig industry. Pre-weaning piglet mortality in the UK is around 11% with savaging accounting for up to 25% of deaths. The aim of this study was to investigate...
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Selection for maternal behaviour in mice - direct and correlated responses
| Contributor(s):: Chiang, C. F., Johnson, R. K., Nielsen, M. K.
Three generations of divergent selection for a maternal care index (MCI) in mice were practiced in each of three replicates. MCI was recorded for 29-32 dams and litters in each replicate/line subclass. Pups of the top (or bottom) 6-10 dams in each replicate, depending on number of females in the...
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The responsiveness of sows to their piglets in relation to the length of parturition and the involvement of endogenous opioids
| Contributor(s):: Jarvis, S., McLean, K. A., Calvert, S. K., Deans, L. A., Chirnside, J., Lawrence, A. B.
The aim of this study was to describe maternal behaviour in the pig and to investigate the effect of endogenous opioids on maternal responsiveness. The behaviour of 16 Large White x Landrace female pigs was recorded around farrowing. The pig's posture and her response when piglets were present at...
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Ultrasonic vocalisations of kits during maternal kit-retrieval in farmed mink, Mustela vison
| Contributor(s):: Clausen, K. T., Malmkvist, J., Surlykke, A.
Mink kits are born immature and are dependent on their dams' protection, warmth and milk for survival. We hypothesize that vocalisations by mink kits may be of importance for communication between kit and dam, increasing the individual's chance of survival. However, very little is known about the...
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Whisker trimming by mother cats
| Contributor(s):: Ehrenlechner, S., Unshelm, J.
This paper reports 5 cases of whisker trimming in cats, an Abyssinian, a Burmese, a Siam, a Persian-Siam mongrel, and one Domestic short hair queen. All cases occurred in cats rearing their first litter. In 2 cases, difficulties during birth were reported and in one case the help of a...
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Farm animal behaviour
The 15 papers in this issue cover the basic behavioural biology of domestic food animal species, and also emphasize the importance of understanding animal behaviour in designing safe and efficient animal management practices. Topics covered are behavioural genetics; maternal and neonatal...
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Relationship between aggressive and avoidance behaviour by dogs and their experience in the first six months of life
| Contributor(s):: Appleby, D. L., Bradshaw, J. W., Casey, R. A.
