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Domestication effects on foraging strategy, social behaviour and different fear responses: a comparison between the red junglefowl (Gallus gallus) and a modern layer strain
| Contributor(s):: Schutz, K. E., Forkman, B., Jensen, P.
According to the resource allocation theory, behaviours that have high energetic costs should decrease in frequency in breeds that are selected to invest a higher proportion of energy into production traits. We studied differences between red junglefowl, the ancestor of domesticated breeds, and a...
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Effects of gender and group size on the time-activity budgets of adult breeding ostriches (Struthio camelus) in a farming environment
| Contributor(s):: McKeegan, D. E. F., Deeming, D. C.
Twenty-six adult ostriches in breeding condition, maintained outdoors, were studied to determine their diurnal time-activity budget in the UK during the months of July and August. Males and females from pairs (1 male, 1 female), trios (1 male, 2 females), a small group (group 1: 3 males 8...
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Factors affecting feeding order and social tolerance to kittens in the group-living feral cat (Felis catus)
| Contributor(s):: Yamane, A., Emoto, J., Ota, N.
Three feeding sites on Ainoshima Island, located 7 km off the coast of Shingu (Fukuoka Prefecture) and 3 feeding groups of feral cats (Felis catus) were used in experiments conducted from 23 November to 29 December 1993 from 05.00 to 07.00 h and 16.00 to 18.00 h. Members of each feeding group...
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Factors associated with the prevalence of stereotypic behaviour amongst Thoroughbred horses passing through auctioneer sales
| Contributor(s):: Mills, D. S., Alston, R. D., Rogers, V., Longford, N. T.
The objective of this study was to evaluate whether sex, age and/or coat colour were associated with the occurrence of stereotypic behaviour in the horse and to assess whether the occurrence of one type of stereotypy in an individual was associated with the occurrence of another specific type of...
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Further evaluation of the developmental asynchrony hypothesis of sex ratio variation
| Contributor(s):: Krackow, S.
A discussion of differences in the speed of development of male and female blastocysts up to the stage of uterine implantation compared with the developmental stage of the uterus may cause sex ratio biases in response to environmental, physiological and psychological cues. It may also cause sub...
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Gender effects on aggression, dominance rank, and affiliative behaviors in a flock of captive adult cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus)
| Contributor(s):: Seibert, L. M., Crowell-Davis, S. L.
Agonistic and affiliative behaviours and spatial positioning were studied in a small psittacine species, N. hollandicus. Subjects studied were flock-housed breeders including 5 hens and 7 cocks. 15-minute focal animal samples were collected for the entire flock in a randomly distributed order...
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Long-term effects of tryptophan on behavioural response and growing-furring performance in silver fox (Vulpes vulpes)
| Contributor(s):: Rouvinen, K., Archbold, S., Laffin, S., Harri, M.
The effects of dietary tryptophan (TRP) supplementation on behavioural response, body weight, feed intake and winter fur development were assessed in silver fox pups from 28 July until 5 December 1997. Ten males and 10 females received a commercial fox ration (control) and 10 males and 10 females...
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Preliminary study of the development of the Flehmen response in Equus caballus
| Contributor(s):: Weeks, J. W., Crowell-Davis, S. L., Heusner, G.
The flehmen response is commonly seen in most ungulates as well as in several other species (e.g. felids). The behaviour is most often thought to be part of the sexual behavioural repertoire of males. One reigning hypothesis suggests that this behaviour allows the male to determine the oestrous...
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Selection for more confident foxes in Finland and Norway: heritability and selection response for confident behaviour in blue foxes (Alopex lagopus)
| Contributor(s):: Kenttamies, H., Nordrum, N. V., Brenoe, U. T., Smeds, K., Johannessen, K. R., Bakken, M.
As a part of a Nordic project, 'Selection for more confident foxes', selection experiments with blue foxes lasting 4 years (1995-98) were arranged in Finland and Norway. In Finland, the study was carried out on a private farm with closed selection and production lines. In Norway, the...
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Shyness-boldness predicts performance in working dogs
| Contributor(s):: Svartberg, K.
This study investigates if there are relationships between personality and performance of dogs (Canis familiaris) in working dog trials. Data from 2655 dogs of the two breeds German Shepherd dog (GSD) and Belgian Tervuren (BT) in Sweden obtained between 1989 and 1997 were used. The breeds were...
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Stimulation of serotonin (5-HT) activity reduces spontaneous stereotypies in female but not in male bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus). Stereotyping female voles as a new animal model for human anxiety and mood disorders?
| Contributor(s):: Schoenecker, B., Heller, K. E.
Spontaneously stereotyping female and male bank voles were injected daily (except on days assigned for monitoring behaviour) during 3 weeks with placebo, the neurolepticum clozapine or the SSRI antidepressant citalopram. Clozapine blocks dopamine (DA) receptors and acts as a partial serotonin...
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T-maze performance and body weight relationship in broiler chicks
| Contributor(s):: Marin, R. H., Arce, A., Martijena, I. D.
300 male and female broiler chicks, 2 days of age, were divided into high, moderate and low performance groups (H-P, M-P and L-P respectively) on the basis of escape time from a T-maze. The 3 groups were reared to 15 days of age and body weight was measured. There was a positive correlation...
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The use of a behaviour test for the selection of dogs for service and breeding, I: Method of testing and evaluating test results in the adult dog, demands on different kinds of service dogs, sex and breed differences
| Contributor(s):: Wilsson, E., Sundgren, P.
Results of 1310 German Shepherds and 797 Labrador Retrievers, 450-600 days of age, were evaluated to investigate whether the tests could be used to select dogs for different kinds of work and for breeding. Ten behavioural characteristics were scored based on the dogs' reactions in 7 test...
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Urinary behavior of female domestic dogs (Canis familiaris): influence of reproductive status, location, and age
| Contributor(s):: Wirant, S. C., McGuire, B.
The urinary behaviour of adult domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) is sexually dimorphic with respect to the posture (males lift a leg and females squat), frequency of urination (males urinate more frequently than females), and tendency to direct urine at specific objects in the environment (males...
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Urine marking by free-ranging dogs (Canis familiaris) in relation to sex, season, place and posture
| Contributor(s):: Pal, S. K.
Carnivores use various scent-marking methods. Observations on the scent marking by urination of 16 free-ranging dogs from two neighbouring groups were recorded in the town of Katwa, West Bengal, India. The frequency of urine marking was higher in males than in females. The seasonal mean...
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Variability in vocal and behavioural responses to visual isolation between full-sibling families of beef calves
| Contributor(s):: Watts, J. M., Stookey, J. M., Schmutz, S. M., Waltz, C. S.
In order to assess the value of vocal response as an indicator of welfare in cattle, it is necessary to investigate factors which influence vocal behaviour of individuals, that are independent of the specific environmental conditions to which they are exposed. The effect of parental differences,...
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A case series of biting dogs: characteristics of the dogs, their behaviour, and their victims
| Contributor(s):: Guy, N. C., Luescher, U. A., Dohoo, S. E., Spangler, E., Miller, J. B., Dohoo, I. R., Bate, L. A.
The characteristics of 227 biting dogs, their homes, and their victims were gathered in a detailed telephone survey of general veterinary clientele in the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island in 1996. All of the dogs had bitten either someone living in the...
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Demographic and aggressive characteristics of dogs in a general veterinary caseload
| Contributor(s):: Guy, N. C., Luescher, U. A., Dohoo, S. E., Spangler, E., Miller, J. B., Dohoo, I. R., Bate, L. A.
A retrospective cross-sectional survey of dog-owning veterinary clients was undertaken in 1996 in three Canadian provinces (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island) to generate a population of dogs for future use in a more detailed survey on canine behaviour. The questionnaire was...
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Food access by white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus ) at winter feeding sites in eastern Quebec
| Contributor(s):: Grenier, D., Barrette, C., Crete, M.
In 1995, aggressive behaviour of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) was studied at winter feeding stations in the Pohenegamook wintering area, Quebec (47 degrees 29'N 69 degrees 14'W), to determine if such behaviour was related to priority of access to food by various age-sex classes....
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Gender differences in the social behavior of the neutered indoor-only domestic cat
| Contributor(s):: Barry, K. J., Crowell-Davis, S. L.
60 households comprised of either 2 males, 2 females or a male and female cat were observed. The cats were between 6 months and 8 years old, and were always restricted to the indoors. Each pair of housemates was observed for 10 h. There were no significant differences in affiliative or aggressive...
