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Suckling activity and calf growth in a group of crossbred cows each rearing two foster calves
Contributor(s):: Rosecrans, J. G., Hohenboken, W. D.
Each of 3 Limousin X (Holstein-Friesian (HF) X Aberdeen-Angus) and 6 Limousin X (HF X Hereford) cows was presented with 2 alien calves within 5 min of parturition. Each cow's own calf was removed, and later fostered to another cow. Foster trios were observed periodically until introduction to the...
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A conceptual model of the human-animal relationships dynamics during newborn handling on cow-calf operation farms
| Contributor(s):: Costa, F. de O., Valente, T. S., Toledo, L. M. de, Ambrosio, L. A., Campo, M. del, Costa, M. J. R. P. da
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Maternal nutrition and antioxidant supplementation: Effects on mother–young behaviors in a Patagonian sheep extensive grazing system
| Contributor(s):: Sales, Francisco, Parraguez, Victor H., Freitas-de-Melo, Aline, Ungerfeld, Rodolfo
Undernourishment is a frequent condition in sheep pregnancies under extensive systems, since most of the pregnancies occur when the prairie has the lowest forage allowance. Underfed sheep pregnancies are associated with maternal-fetal oxidative stress, low birth weight and deteriorated ewe–lamb...
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The effect of permanent or temporary contact with the lamb and contact with males on the lambing to first ovulation interval in Saint Croix sheep
| Contributor(s):: Orihuela, Agustín, Valdez, Daniela, Ungerfeld, Rodolfo
The effect of suckling and presence of the lamb, or ram, on the lambing to first ovulation interval in Saint Croix sheep was determined. Ten days after lambing 50 ewes and their lambs were assigned to three different suckling treatments: continuous suckling (CS), restricted suckling (RS),...
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Positive and negative gestational handling influences placental traits and mother-offspring behavior in dairy goats
| Contributor(s):: Baxter, E. M., Mulligan, J., Hall, S. A., Donbavand, J. E., Palme, R., Aldujaili, E., Zanella, A. J., Dwyer, C. M.
Dairy animals are subjected to a number of potential stressors throughout their lives, including daily interactions with humans. The quality of these interactions may have direct consequences for the animal undergoing the experience, but if such events occur during gestation it may also affect...
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Behaviour of pre-pubertal gilts and its relationship to farrowing behaviour in conventional farrowing crates and loose-housed pens
| Contributor(s):: Ison, S. H., Wood, C. M., Baxter, E. M.
Individual variation in the reproductive performance of sows has the potential for greater negative impacts in loose-farrowing systems. Therefore, the ability to select gilts that will perform well would be a major advantage. This study investigated the behaviour of gilts during pre-pubertal...
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Flight distance and reaction to fawn handling are greater in high- than in low-ranked pampas deer ( Ozotoceros bezoarticus) females
| Contributor(s):: Ungerfeld, R., Morales-Pineyrua, J. T., Freitas-de-Melo, A.
The flight distance from humans and the reaction of the mother to human handling of their offspring are measures that can be used to assess the quality of the human-animal relationship which could vary according to animals' position in a group. The objective was to determine if the flight...
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Achieving optimum performance in a loose-housed farrowing system for sows: the effects of space and temperature
| Contributor(s):: Baxter, E. M., Adeleye, O. O., Jack, M. C., Farish, M., Ison, S. H., Edwards, S. A.
Piglet survival relies on interactive influences of the sow, her piglets and their environment. There are a number of design challenges in a loose-housed farrowing and lactation system to optimise this dynamic, including achieving farrowing in the desired location (i.e. a protected nest area) and...
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Mother-young behaviours at lambing in grazing ewes: effects of lamb sex and food restriction in pregnancy
| Contributor(s):: Freitas-De-Melo, A., Ungerfeld, R., Hotzel, M. J., Abud, M. J., Alvarez-Oxiley, A., Orihuela, A., Damian, J. P., Perez-Clariget, R.
This study investigated whether the level of pasture allowance from before conception until late pregnancy affects ewe-lamb behaviours at birth, and if those behaviours differ according to the sex of the lambs. We performed two experiments, in which 96 ewes were assigned to one of two nutritional...
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Early transfer of mated females into the maternity unit reduces stress and increases maternal care in farm mink
| Contributor(s):: Malmkvist, J., Palme, R.
Mated mammals on farms are typically transferred to another housing environment prior to delivery. We investigated whether the timing of this transfer - EARLY (Day -36), INTERMEDIATE (Day -18), or LATE (Day -3) relative to the expected day of birth (Day 0) - affects maternal stress, maternal care...
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Strategic use of straw increases nest building in loose housed farrowing sows
| Contributor(s):: Westin, R., Hultgren, J., Algers, B.
In spite of domestication, sows are still genetically programmed to perform nesting behaviour close to farrowing. In order to facilitate nest building, a method for a strategic use of large quantities of straw has been developed by Swedish piglet producing farmers. The objectives of the present...
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Development of early foraging behaviour of domestic chicks in varying social contexts
| Contributor(s):: Gajdon, G. K., Mundwiler, B., Stauffacher, M.
Two aspects of foraging development might be crucial to learning in precocial chicks: what food particles look like and what food sites look like. Previous research indicates that there are innate dispositions for particle preferences and for preferring the type of food sites experienced between...
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Effect of pre- and post-partum sow activity on maternal behaviour and piglet weight gain 24 h after birth
| Contributor(s):: Illmann, G., Chaloupkova, H., Neuhauserova, K.
Within the 24 h prior to parturition sows are active and motivated to perform nest-building behaviour. The aim of this study was to investigate: (i) whether pre-partum activity (e.g. nesting and postural changes) could predict maternal behaviour 24 h post-partum (pp) and weight gain 24 h pp, and...
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Dogs for herding and guarding livestock
| Contributor(s):: Coppinger, L., Coppinger, R., Grandin, T.
Dogs that perform best for guarding and herding livestock have different behavioural profiles, as stated by the authors: 'herding dogs are selected to show hunting behaviours, such as eye, stalk, grip or heel. Guarding dogs are selected to show more of the wild ancestor's puppy-like or juvenile...
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Guidance for puppy owners
| Contributor(s):: Hedges, S.
The advantages of behavioural guidance from veterinary practice was discussed. Highlights focused on the behavioural management, care, and training of puppies.
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A case study of primiparous maternal and infant gorilla ( Gorilla gorilla gorilla ) behavior
| Contributor(s):: Crosby, J. Y., Lukas, K. E.
A primiparous mother and her infant were subjects of a longitudinal behavioral study at Lincoln Park Zoo in Chicago, Illinois. From November 1998 to November 1999, we collected a total of 100 hr of focal nonhuman animal instantaneous point sampling and all occurrence data on the mother and her...
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Empty nest: a case study of maternal response to separation from a juvenile offspring in a captive sumatran orangutan ( Pongo pygmaeus abelii )
| Contributor(s):: Tarou, L. R., Bashaw, M. J., Maple, T. L.
Improving the welfare of captive nonhuman primates requires evaluating the stressors created by the captive environment and reducing their negative effects. Social separation, although sometimes necessary for managing the genetic diversity of captive populations of animals, causes both...
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But What Does Fido Think?: The Association Between the Presence of a Pet and Maternal use of Mind-Related Language
| Contributor(s):: Molly Crossman
The goal of the present study was to explore the relation between the presence of a companion animal and maternal use of mind-related language, which has been associated with the development of theory of mind and empathy in children. In order to investigate this intersection, a sample of 19...
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A developmental approach to dog's sociality
| Contributor(s):: Mogi, K., Nagasawa, M., Kikusui, T.
A special relationship between human and dog is considered to be established by dog's characteristic social skill and cognitive ability, based on adequate emotional and affiliative behavior. It has been emphasized that puppy's experience in its developing period is prerequisite for dog's...
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The welfare implications of large litter size in the domestic pig II: management factors
| Contributor(s):: Baxter, E. M., Rutherford, K. M. D., D'Eath, R. B., Arnott, G., Turner, S. P., Sandoe, P., Moustsen, V. A., Thorup, F., Edwards, S. A., Lawrence, A. B.
