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Dogs and blood pressure in non-dog owners
| Contributor(s):: Natasha Adamson
Several studies have shown that the presence of a dog can reduce blood pressure during a stressful situation. A study done in 2001 demonstrated that for blood pressure to be reduced during a stressor the subjects must be dog owners. The purpose of this experiment was to determine if four, one...
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Novel Diagnostic Tools for Identifying Cognitive Impairment in Dogs: Behavior, Biomarkers, and Pathology
| Contributor(s):: Zuzana Vikartovska, Jana Farbakova, Tomas Smolek, Jozef Hanes, Norbert Zilka, Lubica Hornakova, Filip Humenik, Marcela Maloveska, Nikola Hudakova, Dasa Cizkova
Canine cognitive dysfunction syndrome (CCDS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder in senior dogs that is mainly associated with decreased ability to learn and respond to stimuli. It is commonly under-diagnosed because behavioral changes are often attributed to the natural process of...
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Evaluating Cognitive and Behavioral Outcomes in Conjunction with the Secure Base Effect for Dogs in Shelter and Foster Environments
| Contributor(s):: Lauren E. Thielke, Monique A. R. Udell
Although it is widely accepted that dogs and humans form attachment relationships, characterizing attachment styles in dogs has only recently received attention in the literature. Previous research has shown that pet dogs display patterns of behavior in an attachment test that can be classified...
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Prospective Evaluation of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Performed in Dogs and Cats According to the RECOVER Guidelines. Part 2: Patient Outcomes and CPR Practice Since Guideline Implementation
| Contributor(s):: Sabrina N. Hoehne, Kate Hopper, Steven E. Epstein
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) outcomes have not been prospectively described since implementation of the Reassessment Campaign on Veterinary Resuscitation (RECOVER) guidelines. This study aimed to prospectively describe CPR outcomes and document arrest variables in dogs and cats at a U.S....
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Characteristics and Adoption Success of Shelter Dogs Assessed as Resource Guarders
| Contributor(s):: Betty McGuire
Some domestic dogs aggressively guard resources. Canine resource guarding impacts public health through dog bites and a ects dog welfare through adoption and euthanasia policies at animal shelters. However, little is known about the demographic characteristics and adoption success of dogs...
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Prospective Evaluation of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Performed in Dogs and Cats According to the RECOVER Guidelines. Part 1: Prognostic Factors According to Utstein-Style Reporting
| Contributor(s):: Sabrina N. Hoehne, Steven E. Epstein, Kate Hopper
Factors associated with positive cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) outcomes defined according to the veterinary Utstein-style CPR reporting guidelines have not been described since implementation of the Reassessment Campaign on Veterinary Resuscitation (RECOVER) CPR clinical guidelines in...
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Socioeconomic Influences on Reports of Canine Welfare Concerns to the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA) in Queensland, Australia
| Contributor(s):: Hao Yu Shih, Mandy B. A. Paterson, Clive J. C. Phillips
Human–dog relationships are an important contributor to the welfare of dogs, but little is known about the importance of socioeconomic status of the dogs’ owners. We conducted a retrospective study of canine welfare complaints, using Australian government statistics on the...
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Dog-bites, rabies and One Health: Towards improved coordination in research, policy and practice
| Contributor(s):: Melanie J. Rock, Dawn Rault, Chris Degeling
Dog-bites and rabies are neglected problems worldwide, notwithstanding recent efforts to raise awareness and to consolidate preventive action. As problems, dog-bites and rabies are entangled with one another, and both align with the concept of One Health. This concept emphasizes interdependence...
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Behavioral Changes in Dogs With Idiopathic Epilepsy Compared to Other Medical Populations
| Contributor(s):: Hilary Levitin, Devon Wallis Hague, Kelly C. Ballantyne, Laura E. Selmic
Anxiety related behaviors have been reported in humans diagnosed with idiopathic epilepsy (IE) and such traits may be altered depending on seizure phase. The purpose of this study was to determine the presence and severity of anxiety related behaviors in dogs with IE compared to other medical...
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Shelters Reflect but Cannot Solve Underlying Problems with Relinquished and Stray Animals—A Retrospective Study of Dogs and Cats Entering and Leaving Shelters in Denmark from 2004 to 2017
| Contributor(s):: Peter Sandøe, Janne B.H. Jensen, Frank Jensen, Søren Saxmose Nielsen
Data covering about 90% of the estimated intake of dogs and cats to Danish shelters from 2004 to 2017 were used to study the effects of tight control of dogs and of efforts to increase shelter services for unwanted or stray cats. During the period, there was a low and decreasing intake of dogs,...
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Human Induced Rotation and Reorganization of the Brain of Domestic Dogs
| Contributor(s):: Taryn Roberts, Paul McGreevy, Michael Valenzuela
Domestic dogs exhibit an extraordinary degree of morphological diversity. Such breed-to-breed variability applies equally to the canine skull, however little is known about whether this translates to systematic differences in cerebral organization. By looking at the paramedian sagittal magnetic...
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The Role of Oxytocin in the Dog–Owner Relationship
| Contributor(s):: Sarah Marshall-Pescini, Franka S. Schaebs, Alina Gaugg, Anne Meinert, Tobias Deschner, Friederike Range
Oxytocin (OT) is involved in multiple social bonds, from attachment between parents and offspring to “friendships”. Dogs are an interesting species in which to investigate the link between the oxytocinergic system and social bonds since they establish preferential bonds with their...
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The Sleep of Shelter Dogs Was Not Disrupted by Overnight Light Rather than Darkness in a Crossover Trial
| Contributor(s):: Katherine A. Houpt, Hollis N. Erb, Genaro A. Coria-Avila
Dogs in shelters may be unattended at night. The purpose of this study is to describe the night-time behavior of dogs in a shelter and to determine if artificial light affected their sleeping patterns. Ten dogs were video-recorded under both light and dark conditions and their behavior recorded...
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Can the Visits of Dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) Influence the Mental Health (Anxiety and Depression) of Male Aging Patients Institutionalized with Dementia in Health Care Units? A Pilot Study of Madeira Island, Portugal
| Contributor(s):: S. Vasconcelos, J. Azevedo, C. Casanova, H. Jardim, D. Neto, S. Jardim, C. Viegas
Despite the fact that in the last decades, several mental health studies have shown that companion animals contribute to psychological and social well- being in humans (e.g., positive impacts have been observed in the elderly medicated for chronic diseases such as anxiety, dementia, and...
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Weber's Law and the Scalar Property of Timing: A Test of Canine Timing
| Contributor(s):: Jessica H. Cliff, Surrey M. K. Jackson, James S. McEwan, Lewis A. Bizo
Domestic dogs completed a temporal bisection procedure that required a response to one lever following a light stimulus of short duration and to another lever following a light stimulus of a longer duration. The short and long durations across the four conditions were (0.5–2.0 s,...
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Developing and Assessing the Validity of a Scale to Assess Pet Dog Quality of Life: Lincoln P-QoL
| Contributor(s):: Sophie S. Hall, Beverley J. Brown, Daniel S. Mills
There has been little investment in exploring the impact of the child-dog relationship on the dog. Since child-dog interactions can pose potentially serious threats to a dog’s physical and psychological health, as well as the wider satisfaction of the owner with their dog, we describe...
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Revisiting a Previously Validated Temperament Test in Shelter Dogs, Including an Examination of the Use of Fake Model Dogs to Assess Conspecific Sociability
| Contributor(s):: Shanis Barnard, Danielle Kennedy, Reuben Watson, Paola Valsecchi, Gareth Arnott
This study assessed the feasibility and reproducibility of a previously validated temperament test (TT) for shelter dogs. The test was developed to measure dog behaviour in the kennel, and traits of sociability towards people and other dogs, docility to leash, playfulness, cognitive skills, and...
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The Welfare of Pig-Hunting Dogs in Australia
| Contributor(s):: Bronwyn Orr, Richard Malik, Jacqui Norris, Mark Westman
Hunting feral pigs using dogs is a popular recreational activity in Australia. Dogs are used to flush, chase, bail, and hold feral pigs, and their use for these activities is legal in some states and territories and illegal in others. However, there is little knowledge about the health and...
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Do we understand what it means for dogs to experience emotion?
| Contributor(s):: Lasana T. Harris
Psychologists who study humans struggle to agree on a definition of emotion, falling primarily into two camps. Though recent neuroscience advances are beginning to settle this ancient debate, it cannot solve the private-language problem at the heart of inferences about social cognition. This...
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Increased Flight Initiation Distance (FID) in Golden Marmots (Marmota caudata aurea) Responding to Domestic Dogs in A Landscape of Human Disturbance
| Contributor(s):: Muhammad Zaman, Bryony A. Tolhurst, Mengyan Zhu, Guangshun Jiang
Humans and dogs initiate measurable escape responses in wild animals including flight initiation distance (FID), with potentially negative consequences. Golden marmots are important prey for endangered carnivores and are subject to human persecution including via marmot baiting with dogs. We...
